Engine



Aug. 6, 1935.

Filed sept. 22; 1935 S. l. BEACH ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet l JW/020 Z5016/4. www

br-roms llrg. 6, 1935. I s, l, BEACEH 2,010,289` ENGINE Filed sept. 22,1935 2 Sheets-sheet 2 mvmfon ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 6, 1935 ENGTLNESanford I. Beach,

half to Lincoln Application September Z2, 1933,

(Cl. 12S-50) 9 Claims.

This invention relates to engines of the opposed pistongtype adaptablefor operation by steam or asv an linternal combustion engine and alsoinvolves certain features which Vmay be advantageously incorporated inmany types o reciprocating compressors. p

The primary object of the invention is to provide an improved connectingrod assembly in an engine of this type wherein the power thrust of eachpiston may be transmitted radially to a single crank pin therebyavoiding the danger of binding at the crank pins such as is liable tooccur in the case of dual connecting rods after uneven wear.

.ln carrying my invention into effect I employ a hollow piston having asecond piston reciprocable therein.` take advantage of the fact that theconnecting rod of 'the hollow piston operates in tension and hencepermits of a wrist pin assembly such that the thrust may be transmittedthrough a` double pin, one angularly disposed to the other. It therebybecomes a specio object of the invention to teach the construction ofthis assembly and to provide means by which the assembly may be mountedinternally oi its piston in such manner that there is no tendency todistort the piston in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide ak valving arrangement inwhich the inlet and exhaust is controlled by puppet valves, the portsthrough the hollow piston serving, preferably, only as a passage throughwhich ingress and egress of the gases takes place. I thereby avoid theserious difficulties sometimes encountered because ot burnt port holes.

A further object is to provide an improved spark `plug placement bywhich the plug is uncovered for ring and thereafter the plug is isolatedfrom the ring chamber. In this manner I am enabled to retain the betterrecognized type ignition device without requiring iloating wires andother unworkmanlike arrangements such as have been suggested for enginesof this type.

Other objects and advantages either directly,1 described or indirectlyimplied from the favorable arrangement of parts will become hereinaftermore fully apparent as reference is had to the accompanying drawingswherein my invention is illustrated by way of example and in whichFigure l is a vertical section through an engine taken axially of acylinder and transversely of the crankshaft to illustrate my invention;

Fig. 2 is a section similar to that shown in Fig. 1 taken longitudinallyof the crankshaft;

Bualo, N. Y., assigner of one- Beacll, Miami Beach, Fla.

Serial No. 690,556

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken along the line 3-3 ci Fig. 1;

Figs. 4 and 5 are details of my improved piston sleeve Figs. 6 and 7 areenlarged details of the wrist 5 pin assembly of the larger piston shownin Figs. 1

and 2.

More particularly,

I indicates a cylinder which may be one of a plurality cast in a block.A hollow piston 2 within the cylinder I is reciprocable therein and asecond piston 3 placed within the hollow cylinder 2.

is reciprocably Each of these pistons is connected to a crank shaft 4 ina manner to be hereinafter more fully described.

The cylinder l has a walled channel 5 formed therein and puppet valves Sand 'I control the ingress and egress of fuel and exhaust gases to andfrom said channel. actuated by cams 3 on a cranksha the crankshaft 4 inThe hollow piston 2 has a plur These valves 6 and I are it 9 driven fromthe conventional manner.

ality of stepped ports i@ therethrough for establishing communicationbetween its interior and the channel 5.

For proper inletting and exhausting these ports i9 must be incommunication with the channel 5 during substantially the entire workingstrokes of the pistons. communication be cut off before Thus during theinlet stroke if the inletting is complete there will be a rarificationof the fuel charge and a loss of volumetric eiciency. Also if at theother end of a stroke the ports are not in communication with the channel scavenging of the exhaust gases cannot be completed. It will thus beseen that the ports I0 slide valves.

Another port II is provided in do not act as the hollow cylinder 2 whichis adapted to uncover the spark plug l2 extending through the sidecylinder I wall of the at a predetermined period,that is,

when compression is completed. By this arrangement the conventionalnections I3 may be used.

The piston 3 is provided with and a connecting rod S5 for conne throw I@ci the crank shaft 4. the connecting rod pin is so constructed type plugand wiring cona wrist pin I4 ction to a crank The small end of I5 whichattaches to the wrist that the axis of the rod is oiset laterally fromthe axis of its piston as best seen in Fig. 2.

The inner end portion of the piston 2 is provided with tongues andgrooves Il to receive simi- This sleeve, as best seen in Figures 4 and 5is made of three parts, two of which are almost semi-cylindrical and thethird on e 24 of which is so formed as to act as a wedge to expand andmaintain the other two parts in assembly against the tongues and groovesI1. This sleeve l constitutes a means for supporting the wrist pin ofthe piston in such manner as to distribute the loading thereof over theentire base of the piston 2. A pin Eil spans the sleeve i9 and carries awrist pin supporting member 2i in which resides a wrist pin 22 uponwhich is journaled a connecting rod 23 for connection to a second crankthrow 24. The pin 23 is offset from a diameter of the sleeve, as seen inFigure 2 and the wrist pin is on the opposite side of the axis of thecylinder l from the connecting rod i5. By this arrangement a singleconnecting rod is suflicient for each piston 2 and 3. The rod 23 is atension member and the rod i5 is a compression member during the firingstroke.

Various modications may be made without departing from the spirit of myinvention and I therefore desire that my protection will be interpretedwithin the full scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:--

l. In an engine, a cylinder having a hollow piston therein, a secondpiston reciprocable in said hollow piston, said pistons each having awrist pin, the two wrist pins in each cylinder being normal to eachother, a crankshaft having two crank pins for each of said cylinders, asingle connecting rod extending from one of said wrist pins to one ofsaid crank pins, and a single connecting rod extending from the other ofsaid wrist pins to the other of said crank pins.

2. In an engine, a cylinder having a hollow piston therein, a secondpiston reciprocable in said hollow piston, a crankshaft having two crankthrows for each of said cylinders, a connecting rod extending from saidhollow piston to one of said crank throws and a connecting rod extendingfrom the other of said pistons to the other of said crank throws, eachof the connecting rods being offset from the axis of its piston, saidconnecting rods being connected to wrist pins residing at right anglesto each other.

3. In an engine, a cylinder having a hollow piston therein, a secondpiston reciprocable in said hollow piston, each of said pistons having awrist pin therein, said wrist pins each residing within pins, andconnecting rods extending from said wrist pins to said crank pins.

In combination, a hollow piston having a wrist pin and a second pistonreciprocable therein, a wrist pin for said second piston, a supportingmember journaled on said wrist pin spanning said hollow piston forsupporting a second wrist pin, a wrist pin journaled on said supportingmember, a crank shaft having crank pins, and connecting rods extendingfrom said second wrist pin and from the wrist pin in said hollow pistonto said crank pins.

5. In combination, a hollow piston and a second piston reciprocabletherein, a wrist pin for said second piston, a wrist pin supportingstructure comprising a pin spanning said second piston internally of'the circumference thereof at right angles to the nrst mentioned wristpin and a member depending from said pin, a wrist pin supported by saiddepending member substantially parallel to said rst named wrist pin andresiding Within the confines of said second piston, a crankshaft havingcrank pins, and connecting rods connecting the wrist pins with saidcrank pins.

6. In combination, a hollow piston having tongues and grooves in theinner end portion thereof, a second piston reciprocable in said hollowpiston and having a wrist pin supported therein, a wrist pin supportingstructure comprising a tongue and groove sleeve tting the grooves andtongues of said hollow piston for support thereby, a pin spanning saidsleeve and supported thereby, a wrist pin supporting member dependingfrom said pin, a wrist pin carried by said supporting member, acrankshaft having crank pins, and a connecting rod connecting said wristpin with said crank pins.

7. In combination, a hollow piston having tongues and grooves in theinner end portion thereof, a second piston reciprocable in said hollowpiston and having a wrist pin supported therein, a wrist pin supportingstructure comprising a split sleeve fitting the grooves and tongues ofsaid hollow piston for support thereby, said split sleeve comprisingthree segmental portions one of which is of wedge shape to constitute aretaining means foril the assembled sleeve, a pin spanning said sleeveand supported thereby, a wrist pin supporting member depending from saidpin, a wrist pin journaled in said supporting member, a crankshafthaving crank pins, and connecting rods connecting said wrist pins andsaid crank pins.

8. In combination, a cylinder, a hollow piston reciprocable in saidcylinder, a second piston reciprocable within said hollow piston, awalled channel .formed in said cylinder adjacent said hollow pistonapproximately midway of the height of the working portion thereof, saidhollow piston having a row of ports therethrough for connecting theinterior of said cylinder with stantial portion of the stroke of saidpiston, two puppet valves in said channel, one of said puppet valvesbeing an inlet valve and the other an outlet valve, and timed means foralternately opening said puppet valves. l

9. In an engine, a cylinder having a spark plug projecting thereintoalong the length thereof, a hollow piston reciprocable in said cylinder,and a second piston within said hollow piston, a walled channel in saidcylinder exposed to the outlet valve controlling the ingress and egressof fuel charges and exhaust gases respectively thereto, cams foroperating said inlet and outlet valves, said hollow piston having aplurality of stepped ports therethrough, the top one of said ports beingadapted to uncover said spark plug to the space between the top of saidhollow piston and said second piston at a predetermined point in theengine cycle, the remainder of said ports establishing communica-tionbetween said space and said channel whereby said inlet and outlet valvesmay control fuel charging and scavenging.

SANFORD I. BEACH.

